Symbolism of Color in the Masque of the Red Death Essay Example

Symbolism of Color in the Masque of the Red Death Essay Symbolism of Color in ‘The Masque of the Red Death’ Edgar Allan Poe focuses an intense amount of information on the setup of Prospero’s suite within ‘The Masque of the Red Death’. The topic is addressed in the beginning of the story with great detail and is mentioned again during the final chase. It is impossible for this concentrated focus to be without meaning. Symbolism is commonly used by writers to convey hidden feelings and to compel the reader to see beyond the written word. Symbolism forces the reader to focus intelligently on not only the words on the page, but the unseen implications they convey. The meanings within Poe’s text are greatly debatable since every reader views things differently. Poe’s use of symbolism in ‘The Masque of the Red Death’ seems fairly consistent according to critics. Poe uses the location and colors of the rooms within the castellated abbey to illustrate the progression of life from birth through death. He also uses the scene with the â€Å"spectral image† (Poe 265) to suggest humanity’s immense fear of death. Support from Poe and his critics will illustrate the importance of this symbolism within the tale of ‘The Masque of the Red Death’ One of the first topics that Poe addresses in ‘The Masque of the Red Death’ is the location of the rooms within the abbey. Poe tells the reader that in most palaces, â€Å"suites form a long and straight vista, while the folding doors slide back nearly to the walls on either hand, so that the view of the whole extent is scarcely impeded†(Poe 262). This palace is quite different in that â€Å"The apartments were so irregularly disposed that the vision embraced but little more than one at a time. There was a sharp turn at every twenty or thirty yards, and at each turn a novel effect†(Poe 262). The rooms are situated in a way that forces the viewer to see only one room at a time and each room is located from East to West. This directional location most commonly refers to the progression of the sun through the sky. The birth or rise of each new day begins in the East and dies or sets in the West, this is symbolized through the color of each room within the abbey. If the first room is located â€Å"at the eastern extremity†(Poe 262), then it is logical to assume that the rooms proceed in a westerly path which puts the last room at the western extremity. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism of Color in the Masque of the Red Death specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism of Color in the Masque of the Red Death specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism of Color in the Masque of the Red Death specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer According to H. H. Bell Jr. , â€Å"These directions are time-honored terms which have been used to refer to the beginning and the end of things- even life itself†(Bell 101). As the evidence will soon show, the first room is symbolic of birth while the last indicates death. This directional progression is the first sign of the symbolism signifying the procession of the rooms from birth through death. The first room described within Prospero’s suite is located â€Å"at the eastern extremity†(Poe 262) and is decorated entirely in blue. The color blue is often used to represent new birth or renewal. Expanding upon the example of sunrise and sunset, the first thing one typically notices upon the rising of the sun is the lightening of the sky. Therefore, the initial color of the sunrise or birth of the new day is blue. This is significant in â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† because it is the first room described, as well as being the one in which Prince Prospero is located when the â€Å"spectral image† (Poe 265) is first noticed at the masquerade ball. This indicates that Prospero begins his chase after death at birth or during the dawning of new life. The second room described is adorned in purple. The color purple is often associated with prosperity or accomplishment. It is the stage of adulthood in which someone has gained power or accomplished goals within life. The color purple is commonly associated with royalty, which is significant in relation to Prospero considering his royal standing as a Prince. The color purple can often be seen in the setting of the sun or the death of each day, which seems to indicate the decline of life. Though the location of the room within Prospero’s suite signifies that it is close to the start of new life, Poe seems to be pointing out that we are all traveling toward death from the moment of our birth. The next room encountered in Prospero’s suite is â€Å"green throughout†(Poe 262). The color green is often associated with money which logically follows the success or accomplishment of the previous room. Another way to look at the color green is to see it as a verdant color. Bell suggests that the color green indicates â€Å"that which is verdant, with that which is full of life and vigor- indeed with a man who is in the prime of his years†(Bell 103). This color suggests a man who has prospered from his accomplishments and is at the top of the hill of life. When the sun begins to rise into the sky, the first thing it illuminates on Earth is the ardent green of the surrounding grass. This illumination signifies the notice one receives from his peers when he prospers from his achievements. The fourth room exemplified in the tale is â€Å"furnished and lighted in orange†(Poe 262). The color orange, according to Bell, suggests â€Å"the autumn of life. Prospero could well be considered here to be beyond his prime, but by no means old yet†(Bell 103). The color orange is often evoked through the multiple shades of autumnal leaves. The color orange is also found in both the sunrise and sunset which could indicate mid-life. At this time a person is no longer young, but neither are they old; they are stuck somewhere between the two. Kermit Vanderbilt stated that â€Å"the orange room, corre-sponding [sic] to the high noon of existence, becomes the harvest or fulfillment of human labor and ambition†(Vanderbilt 381). This room not only signifies the fulfillment of labor and ambition, but also the slow decline unto death. Once one begins the descent down the hill of life, it is never known how fast the bottom may come rushing up to meet you. Death is no longer a thing in the distance, but the visible end of one’s life. The fifth room is entirely white. This color is generally associated with aging or old age. The reason for this association is quite obvious in that it is the color most commonly attributed to the hair of elderly people. The color white is often symbolic of purity or cleansing. It appears that Poe is saying that when people see the immanent approach of death, they begin a process of cleansing or purifying themselves in preparation. In trying to tie in the metaphor of the sun’s path of life, the color white seems to signify the light and airy quality of the clouds seen when the sun it at its highest. The elderly are trying to achieve this airy quality of purity before death comes to greet them. The sixth and final room of life is bedecked entirely in violet. This color is the darkest of the life colors which seems to correlate with the gravity that is forced upon all people of great age. It is at this time that people begin to truly face their lack of a future. When someone reaches great age, contemplating death and imagining it around every corner is to be expected. The violet color of the room is given greater importance by the room that immediately follows. The color is burdened with a darker meaning due to its location. The last color seen in the sunset is a deep, dark shade of violet. This could attest to the fact that it is one of the darkest colors possible other than black. This color seems to vividly symbolize the end of life, the very last stage of the hill of life, and the moments before one encounters death. The last room encountered in ‘The Masque of the Red Death’ is the most unique. It is the only room in Prospero’s suite in which â€Å"the color of the windows failed to correspond with the decorations†(Poe 262). This room is hung in black tapestries that fall â€Å"in heavy folds upon a carpet of the same material and hue†(Poe 262). The windows of the room were scarlet, a color as deep as blood. This room is the most symbolic of them all in that it is the only room that obviously symbolizes the death and destruction of mankind. This room is also the most westerly of all, which according to several previously cited sources indicates death in and of itself. Joseph Patrick Roppolo states that â€Å"The appearance the presence of blood is confirmation or assurance of the existence of the Red Death or, more broadly, of death itself† (Roppolo 64). This accounts for the reveler’s reaction to the room of death. According to Poe, the room â€Å"produced so wild a look upon the countenances of those who entered, that there were few of the company bold enough to set foot within its precincts at all†(Poe 262). The color of the window panes is symbolic of the Red Death, the very thing which every one of the revelers is trying to run away and hide from. The black color of this room is only seen in the sky when there is no light source to accompany it, the time between the sunset and the next day’s sunrise, it is the color of the world at the death of each day. According to Vanderbilt, â€Å"the blood-colored panes depict, of course, the dread effects of the plague, and the black tapestries represent death itself†(Vanderbilt 382). This puts the seventh room into a perspective that may not easily be seen, one which recognizes Prospero’s decision to create this world separated from disease and pestilence. Roppolo states that â€Å"Prince Prospero’s world came into being because of the Red Death, which, although it includes death, is the principle of life†(Roppolo 68). By this he means that life includes death but should not be defined by it. Prince Prospero was standing in the chamber of birth or renewal when his eyes first fell upon the spectral image. The mummer solemnly walked from one room to the next with Prospero chasing after him. Prospero’s chase after the spectral image led him from the room of birth and renewal into accomplishment, wealth, middle age, old age, great old age and finally into the room of death. The chase after the masked figure symbolizes the progression of Prospero through each stage of life until he comes face to face with the masked figure in the room of death. It is at his entrance to this room that Prince Prospero â€Å"fell prostrate in death†(Poe 266). It is at this point that Prospero has symbolically walked through each stage of life in an effort to chase death, only to find it waiting there to meet him. The revelers threw themselves at the masked figure only to find that it was not a tangible thing but the essence of death itself. After this revelation they all fell to their deaths from the very thing they had secluded themselves from. According to Edward W. R. Pitcher, â€Å"The dwelling, however tightly secured against the dreaded Unknown, is no defense against Necessity . . . and however carefully constructed and with whatever purpose, man is still the walled-in fool . . . an inmate of the death-in-life prison†(Pitcher 246). This emphasizes the idea that one can never hide himself from death. It is not a phase of life that can be avoided through simple willpower or desire. Everyone will face their own death, but it is not something that should be chased after. Life should always be lived to its fullest with full knowledge that death could be waiting around the next corner. Prospero’s seclusion in the castellated abbey seems to provide a measure of this lifestyle, in that the revelers are celebrating life, but not one of them believed that death could come within the abbey. Had they have done so, the conclusion of life may not have been quite as exaggerated as it was. Every being within this world created by Prospero mistakenly believed himself to be inoculated from death. The fact that death was able to gain entry within their hallowed halls provided a sense of chaos and despair among the revelers that may have been avoided had they have understood that death is a part of life. Roppolo states that â€Å"Blood, Poe has been saying, is (or is symbolic of) the life force; but even as it suggests life, blood serves as a reminder of death†(Roppolo 67). The body can only produce blood when it is alive, but the sight of it is an instant reminder that each of us will one day meet our death head on. Poe uses symbolism in the location and color of the rooms within the abbey to illuminate a solid progression from the beginning of life through death and uses Prince Prospero and the revelers to illustrate humanity’s fear of death. Whether or not Poe is arguing against disbelief of death is greatly debatable, but it is quite obvious that he has used ‘The Masque of the Red Death’ to clarify the thought processes of humanity in regards to death and it’s link to life. Works Cited Bell, H. H. , Jr. â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death: An Interpretation. † South Atlantic Bulletin  38. 4 (1973): 101-105. Print. Pitcher, Edward W. R. â€Å"Beyond Gothic Flummery: A Cosmoramic View of Poes Symbolism and Ideas. † The Sphinx: A Magazine of Literature and Society 4. 16 (1985): 241-249. Print. Poe, Edgar Allan. â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death. † The Essential Tales and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe. Ed. Benjamin F. Fisher. New York: Barnes amp; Noble Books, 2004. 261-266. Print. Roppolo, Joseph Patrick. â€Å"Meaning and The Masque of the Red Death. † Tulane Studies in English 13 (1963): 59-69. Print. Vanderbilt, Kermit. â€Å"Art and Nature in The Masque of the Red Death’. † Nineteenth-Century Fiction 22. 4 (1968): 279-389. Print.

Property Notes Essays

Property Notes Essays Property Notes Essay Property Notes Essay TORRENS TITLE * System of title by registration rather than registration by title (Breskvar v Wall (1971) 126 CLR 376. * Indefeasibility- The registered proprietor holds the title free of all unregistered interests. S42 Real Property Act 1900 (NSW). * Registration of a void instrument confers immediate indefeasibility in the absence of fraud (Frazer v Walker [1967]] 1 AC 569. * Sir Garfield Barwick sitting on the Privy Council in Frazer v Walker described it as: â€Å"a convenient description of the immunity from attack by adverse claim to the land or interest in respect of which he is registered, which a registered proprietor enjoys† EXCEPTIONS TO INDEFEASABILITY * FRAUD- in the case of fraud a proprietor can be removed from the register. Fraud is not notice, it is dishonesty or moral turpitude (Assets v Mere Roihi [1905] AC 176 â€Å"Fraud must be brought home to the person whose registered interest in sought to be impeached, or to his or her agents acting within their authority. † Fraud must take place before registration. Anything that takes place after is subject to an in personam claim. EXPRESS EXCEPTIONS- Leases- s42(1)(d) RPA- less than 3 years * Easements- s 42(1)(a1) * IN PERSONAM- The registered proprietor is subject to unregistered interests that they have created, such as contracts, trusts and estoppel. (Barry v Heider (1914) 19 CLR 197 Bahr v Nicolay (1988) 164 CLR 603 * In 1979 the Bahrs obtained a licence of Crown Land in Western Australia. On the building of commercial premises the Bahr’s could transform the licence into a Crown Grant and so become the proprietors of the property. Th e Bahr’s sold to Nicolay. Nicolay was resell the property to them at the end of the 3 years. * During the 3 year term Nicolay sold the property to the Thompson’s. * The contract between Nicolay and the Thompsons contained an acknowledgment of the agreement between Nicolay and the Bahr’s (Clause 4 of the contract. * After the Thompsons’s became registered as proprietors they commenced negotiations for the resale of the property in accordance with their agreement with Nicolay but later refused to transfer the property. The Thompson’s argued that they had mere notice of the Bahr’s interest and so were not obliged to resell and were not guilty of statutory fraud. * Mason and Dawson JJ. Fraud, a â€Å"dishonest repudiation of a prior interest which the registered proprietor has acknowledged or agreed to recognize as the basis for obtaining title. * Wilson and Toohey JJ. No statutory fraud – in any case it occurred after registration. Cond uct does give rise to a constructive trust. * Brennan J collateral contract and constructive trust. The Torrens Assurance Fund * Section 129 of the RPA gives a remedy to a person for loss or damage against the Torrens Assurance Fund in respect of an interest in land, suffered as a result of the operation of the RPA, where the loss or damage arise from: * the registration of some other person as proprietor of the land or an interest in the land (s 129(1) (b));    * the person having been deprived of the land or an interest in the land through fraud (s129(1)(e)). VOLUNTEERS King v Smail [1958] VR 273- doctrine of indefeasibility only protects bona fide purchasers. Volunteers not covered. Bogdanovic v Koteff (1988) 12 NSWLR 472 – NSW volunteers covered Mrs B looked after Mr K on the basis of a promise that she would be given an interest in the house which would allow her to stay for life. Son inherited house. Breskvar v Wall applied no distinction is made between volunteers and purchasers hence indefeasibility is given to the son SHORT TERM LEASES Under 42(1)(d) of the Real Property Act, a registered interest is subject to a short-term lease if: * The term of the lease is less than 3 years including any options, * The tenant is in possession or entitled to immediate possession, * The registered proprietor before he or she became registered as proprietor had notice against which he or she was not protected: OVERRIDING STATUTES Pratten v Warringah Shire Council (1969) 90 WN (NSW) (Pt 1) 134, Barry v Heider (1914) 19 CLR 197 Barry was the registered proprietor of Torrens land. He had signed a document of transfer under which he agreed to transfer his interest in the land to Schmidt for consideration of ? 1,200. * The transfer stated that this had been paid, but Barry’s evidence was that he had received nothing. He claimed that he thought he was signing a contract, not a transfer and that the agreed sale price was ? 4,000. * Evidence was brought that the witness to Barry’s signature, a solicitor named Peterson, was n ot present when Barry signed. The Certificate of Title not given to Schmidt because the land had been subdivided and a new CT was to be issued nor had the documents been registered because they were waiting on the final subdivision. Barry signed a letter authorising the RG to deliver the new CT to Schmidt when it issued. * Using the letter and signed Transfer as evidence of his title to the land Schmidt created mortgages over the property to Heider and Gale. PRIORITY DISPUTES Registered v Registered Under s 36(9) priority between registered interests is determined by the order of registration, not by the date of execution. Order of registration is determined by the order of lodgment in â€Å"registrable form:† 36 (5) * â€Å"nemo dat quo non habet† Registered v Unregistered * Although equitable interests are recognized under Torrens title they are somewhat fragile in a priority dispute. They may be extinguished by registered interests unless they have been protected by the lodgment of a caveat, or they exist as an exception to indefeasibility. Unregistered v Unregistered * Since unregistered interests are generally thought to be in the nature of equitable interests priority is generally determined by the application of the principles used in deciding priority disputes between competing equitable interests over old system land. It involves the search for the best equity (Rice v Rice). THREE STEP PROCESS * Look at the conduct of the holder of the first interest and decide whether they have done anything that should result in their interest being postponed. The major thing to look for is conduct that may mislead the later comer into thinking that there is no earlier interest in existence; * If the holder of the first interest has committed some act or omission that has had this effect then look at the conduct of the second holder. First look to see if they have notice of the earlier interests. If they do they cannot take priority. If they don’t then you need to see who has the better equity by weighing up the conduct of both. * If the equities are equal first in time will prevail. POSTPONING CONDUCT * not taking care of documents creating the right * taking too long to bring an action to protect a right * not speaking up to give notice of your claim of an interest * Making misleading statements * Otherwise misleading the second comer into thinking that you no longer have an interest MERE EQUITY * Latec Investments Ltd v Hotel Terrigal Pty Ltd (in liquidation) 113 CLR 265 THE RULE IN WALSH V LONSDALE * â€Å"Equity regards as done that which ought to be done† RULE IN LYSAGHT V EDWARDS The general principle of this rule is that in the absence of express agreement between the vendor and purchaser the vendor becomes a trustee of the property for the purchaser once there is a valid and binding contract between the parties. * This is known as the ‘doctrine of conversion’. The rule in Hunt v Luck [1902] 1 Ch â€Å".. possession of the tenant is notice that he has some interest in the land, and that a purchaser having notice of that fact is bound, according to the ordinary rule, either to enquire what the interest is, or to give effect to it, whatever it may be. † CONSTRUCTIVE NOTICE * S 164 Conveyancing Act 1919 NSW The kind of enquiries that a purchaser ought reasonably to make depend on current good practices. This means that a purchaser should at least undertake 2 types of enquiries: * The purchaser has a duty to physically inspect the land (Barnhart v Greenshields, Hunt v Luck), and, * The purchaser should search the documents of title and the register. CAVEATS S74F RPA- Lodgment of caveats against dealings, possessory applications, plans and applications for cancellation of easements or extinguishment of restrictive covenants. A caveat may be lodged: * Where a person claims to be entitled to a legal or equitable estate or interest in the land; * Where the registered proprietor has lost the certificate of title and fears an improper dealing with the land; * To prevent the granting of a possessory application;. * To prevent the improper exercise by a mortgagee of a power of sale; * By the Registrar-General to protect interest of a person under a legal disability or on behalf of the Queen Rule in Person-to-Person Finances Pty Ltd v Sharari [1984] 1 NSWLR 745 [I]t s the settled practice of competent solicitors acting for second or subsequent mortgagees, to ensure either the prompt registration of the mortgage or lodgement of a caveat ACTION| LEGAL EFFECT – TORRENS TITLE| Negotiation| None unless doctrines such as estoppel apply| Exchange of Contracts| Purchaser receives equitable interest providing contract is enforceable Lysaght v Edwards (1876)| Settlement (completion) and payment of Consideration| P urchaser receives approved form of transfer. Until registration interest is still equitable but may be deemed legal if s43A applies such as â€Å"registered proprietor† or â€Å"held under the Real Property Act 1900 NSW† to establish that the land is Torrens title. 2. Ascertain the status of the interests. Which are registered and which remain unregistered (these, at best, will be equitable BUT an unregistered interest is not always equitable). Remember that a registered interest will generally defeat an unregistered interest. 3. Determine whether the registered interests are susceptible to any of the exceptions to indefeasibility? Make a list of all that might be relevant and have definitions of them available: * fraud (dishonesty, trickery, scheming) * in personam (dishonesty, unconscionability, binding contracts, constructive trust etc) ****REMEMBER, ONLY THE CONDUCT OF THE REGISTERED PROPRIETOR IS RELEVANT FOR THESE EXCEPTIONS*****   * short term leases (s 42(1)(d), * overriding statutes etc. 4. Are there any equitable / unregistered interests? There are a variety of ways in which these can be created: * by writing in accordance with sec 23C and 54A Conveyancing Act; * where a previously registered interest has been wrongfully removed from the register, eg through fraud or the im proper exercise of a mortgagee power of sale; * through the application of the law of part performance; * by the application of the doctrine of estoppel; by the application of the doctrine of constructive trusts. 5. Can the holders of the equitable interests use s 43A Real Property Act. This will deem their interest to be legal. 6. Apply the priority rules. In descending order of importance the interests are: * registered * unregistered but falling within sec 43A * unregistered (equitable) with the better equity, or, where the equities are equal, the interest created first in time. * unregistered (equitable). * mere equities CO-OWNERSHIP Two main types of co-ownership -Joint tenancy -Tenancy in common JOINT TENANCY Each joint tenant is â€Å"wholly entitled to the whole† as a ‘collective unity’ or a ‘composite person’. 4 Unities * Unity of Possession * Unity of Interest * Unity of Title * Unity of Time UNITY OF POSSESSION * The land is not physically divided. * Each tenant holds a physically undivided share of the land. * Each co-owner is entitled to possession of the whole of the land. This is called ‘unity of possession’ and it applies irrespective of the shares in which the property is held (eg one tenant holding ? and the other holding ? ). UNITY OF INTEREST * This follows from the proposition that each joint tenant is ‘wholly entitled to the whole’. The interest held by each joint tenant is necessarily the same in extent nature and duration. UNITY OF TITLE * This means that each joint tenant must derive his or her title from the same document (transfer or deed) or act (adverse possession). * A joint tenant can dispose of their share (notionally) of the land but only during their lifetime UNITY OF TIME * This requires that the interests of all joint tenants vest at the same time. A transfer of land to A B when they reach 18 years of age, will create a tenancy in common since there is no unity of time The Right of Survivorship * The other distinction feature of joint tenancies is the right of survivorship or the jus accrescendi * The essence of this principle is that when one joint tenant dies the whole of his or her interest automatically passes to the surviving joint tenants until only one is left. * This is unaffected by any contrary provision in a will. Wright v Gibbons (1949) 78 CLR 313 The Principle Of Forfeiture Rasmanis v Jurewitsch (1969) 70 SR NSW- Man kills wife†¦ will not receive her share of the tenancy. CONVEYANCING ACT 1919 SECT 35 – If both die at same time it will be presumed that the younger survives the older. * Hickman v Peacey [1945] AC 304. joint tenancy can be severed in 6 ways: 1. By a unilateral act by a joint tenant acting on his or her own share; 2. By a mutual agreement between the joint tenants; 3. By a course of dealing between the joint tenants; 4. By court order, most commonly under the Family Law Act; 5. In cases of unlawful killing; . On the bankruptcy of one joint tenant an involuntary severance will occur. S97 RPA- sever by transfer TENANCY IN COMMON There are 2 major differences between a tenancy in common and a joint tenancy: * There is no right of survivorship between tenants in common, and * Only unity of possession is required * There are 2 ways in which a tenancy in common will come to an end. These are: * When all the tenants in common transfe r their interest to one of the tenants; * Where the land is sold or partitioned under s 66G Conveyancing Act. Equity always preferred the tenancy in common because it represented certainty and fairness. * The parties would be treated in equity as if they were tenants in common in 3 situations: * Where co-owners contributed different amounts to the purchase price * Where co-owners advance money on mortgage; * In the case of partnership assets. IF EQUAL CONTRIBUTION THE LAW PRESUMES A JOINT TENANCY PARTITION AND SALE OF LAND In special circumstances court can order Under Div 6 Part 4 Conveyancing Act (sections 66F – 66I)

Teaching Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Teaching Music - Essay Example The song is in five sections composed with an introduction and a coda, which is, based on the introduction material obscure the tonality (measure 87). The introductory materials are used throughout the art as a transitional and unifying material. Therefore, regarding the tone, it is heavily influenced by jazz harmonies as initially discussed and with linear passages. The key centers are undecided between C and D. Moreover, the song’s tonal centers are weak because it has used Quartal harmony in horns and trumpets, it lacks cadential harmony structure and emphasizes on horizontal lines, as opposed to vertical sonorities. The vertical sonorities that are present in the composition are cluster chords, extended chord structures, double inflection sonorities and at the very end, one C Major Chord. Wilson makes a broad use of jazz or changed and synthetic scales, which include, changed blues scales, and Minor and major-Locrian scales (Treadwell 8). The opening rhythm in C Section is hocked between all voices. The theme of the piece is to make a harmonious journey to â€Å"home† and with a C major Chord at ever end. Whitacre produces pieces of art that have a unique style that is amazingly powerful and captivating to its audience because of its originality. He is known to write his music in at least eight voice parts, with the strange chord progression, and use of spoken word and percussion. Cloudburst is incredibly complex, and it is set to adopt a Spanish poem by Octavio Paz, â€Å"El Cantaro Roto.† The first part sung without instrumental accompaniment (Cappella section) brings the tone of the piece. In addition, it has a section where the choir has sustained notes with the text that each choir members randomly speaks. The spoken words are not meant to consist of a rhythm as they also have a haunting and disorientating effect on the public or spectators.  

Other Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Other - Assignment Example , with regards to the price of LASIK, this follows the national average and is generally represented between $1,500 and $2,000 per treatment (Bethke, 2012). Ultimately, the individual can understand accounting an action where oil process as an integral means by which prices ultimately sets. Due to the fact that different regions of the nation have different expenses, this can be seen as one of the prime motivators for why prices fluctuate to such a great degree with regards to the services which it previously been analyzed. For instance, the price of LASIK eye correction may be in order of magnitude higher in San Diego that it might necessarily be in Little Rock Arkansas. This is due to the fact that a host of expense differentials exist between these two locations. For instance, the heating/cooling and light bill that the San Diego office will necessarily have to engage with, is necessarily much greater than that of the somewhat less developed, less densely populated, and lower costs will rock Arkansas. Similarly, the average wages of the employees that will be required to run such an office will also be higher. This necessarily requir es the price setting to match these actual aerial and accounting realities (Levinrad, 2012). Similarly, with regards to actuarial services, the overall level of risk that might exist within current market has a direct impact on the amount of money that the entity/a group will be required to pay with regards to their insurance furthermore, if insurance prices within a given region are necessarily high, prices will be forced to match this as a means of continuing to generate a profit margin. Obviously, the same can be said of prices are necessarily lower than the national average with regards to insurance and the given market. a. Argue for or against men and women being charged the same price for health care coverage ( as of 2014, it will be illegal to adjust premiums based on gender, but it will be fine to do so based on age, place

Critical thinking review (two books) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical thinking review (two books) - Essay Example Both the books have sought with a critically intensive approach to shed new light on hidden official collusion in institutionalizing what otherwise seem to be the negative power relations. The US federal government structure assumes a highly hierarchical monolithic character with a vertically distributed system of layered rungs, with each being occupied by â€Å"a bureaucrat† who is responsible to the one immediately above him. The iron triangle is a phrase used by political analysts to describe the policy-making relationship between the legislature, the bureaucracy, more often known as government agencies, and interest groups It is regularly used to refer to the military-industrial complex, with Congress (and the House and Senate Committees on Armed Services), defense contractors, and the U.S. Department of Defense forming the iron triangle. Durant in Chapter two of his book titled â€Å"Greening, National Security and the Post-modern Military†, correctly identifies the inevitable interdependent relationship among the three organs of the state mentioned above. It is this interdependence that characterizes the very nature and scope of the problem which ordinary citizens call â€Å"the environmental degradation†. Irrespective of the compositional parameters of Congressional Committees on various environmental issues, the preference was to take the beaten path, so as not to upset the existing power equilibrium among different state organs. Though some of the suggestions made by Durant to overcome this dilemma are unambiguous enough, there are too many penumbral tendencies that he brings to bear on an otherwise well researched book. For example a credible argument that he uses – â€Å"the US military is being transformed into a modern fighting machine primarily due to the fact that China in particular and Islamists in general pose a threat to US national security†- seeks to extrapolate national security concerns into the unknown

Feeling Of Imprisonment For Sonnys Blues Characters Film Studies Essay

Feeling Of Imprisonment For Sonnys Blues Characters Film Studies Essay The story of the Sonnys Blues opens when the narrator through the newspaper gets to know that sonny who is his younger brother had been arrested for heroin dealings. The narrator of the story takes a subway to his job of high school teaching. At the end of every school day, the laughter and of his students reminds him that, during their youth, Sonny and him had been were filled with rage and knew two darknesses. One of the concerned their lives while the other darkness concerned moves that were making them forgets their lives for a moment. When the narrator was coming from school, he met Sonnys old friend in the school yard. When the two were talking about Sonnys arrest, they end up telling some of their fears. When they were in front of a bar that played black and bouncy kind of music, unnamed friend said, Cant much help old Sonny no more(Baldwin, 1957). Just because of this statement, the narrator gets angry due to the fact that, even he himself had given up in the trials of saving his own brother Sonny. This was based on the fact that, he had not seen Sonny for a period of about a year. The narrator gets angered more because, his views and opinions about assisting his own brother are shared with some one who has no blood relation to Sonny. The friend continues stating that, he thought Sonny was too smart to get caught in a drug bust, (Baldwin, 1957). The narrator then sarcastically criticizes the friend, in a manner that shows that the friend seemed to be much smarter because he has not been arrested. After a while, the friend answers that, according to him, she would have killed himself long time ago if he was smarter. This was because, according to him, compared to addiction, death I the best. The friend then turns to the story of how he has responsible turning Sonny onto drugs. This essay looks at Sonnys Blues, and focuses on specific passages in that text, and explains how and why they create a feeling of imprisonment for the character(s). The characters in Sonnys Blues are mostly in circumstances that shows that they are trapped both physically as well as mentally. In the whole of the story, first and foremost, the narrator who happens to be Sonnys elder brother and Sonny are arrested emotionally. This is based on the fact that, they are ever dealing with the ways that will make them free from one chain or the other. On the other hand, Sonny had been physically imprisoned in jail, apart from being imprisoned physically by drug addiction. In addition to these points, the narrator himself has been confined to Harlem, and to be more specifically, to the projects that were dealing with housing, though he clearly detests. Another instance is that, the narrator has also been trapped by his own conscience. This is shown particularly in his actions and practices. To be more specific, he is not able to express his own minds or emotions. In Addition, he is not in a position to live up to his responsibilities as a brother; however, the death of his daughter freed him from this bondage by giving him a sense that motivates him to realize that he is supposed to change, (Baldwin, 1957). The narrator in the story and Sonny in exactly opposite ways, are imprisoned and free at the same time. By the time Sonny was in Prison for example, he was physically locked up. But by looking on the other side of the coin however, one can realize that, other than being the young one, he had the capability of doing what his elder brother has never had such capabilities of doing. Some of his marvelous deeds were; he escaped from Harlem, and went a head creating his own life. But on the other side of the coin, also the narrator is free physically; this is based on the fact that, he was not in jail as compared to his young brother Sonny. Apart from that, unlike Sonny and other young men in their society, the narrator is also free as he has not been addicted to drugs. All the same he is trapped inside Harlem along with its projects that deal with housing. Being a person who can be termed as a musician, Sonny has the capability of expressing his frustrations and rage that has been used as a driver in part of his imprisonment through music. By the time he is playing the piano, he gains the capability of breaking loose, which helps him to live as any other free person. The narrator of the story, on the other hand, lives his life that is trapped inside him himself. This is based on the fact that, he is always faced with a very difficult time when communicating with his brother Sonny, and even ends up fail in doing so, he lacks the capabilities of holding his own emotions that emanate as a result of their communication. However, in the end, ends up being freed temporarily as an effect off Sonnys Music, this is based on the fact that, Sonnys music has the ability to offer him with a very rare glimpse to himself. Both the narrator and Sonny the major characters in the story of Sonnys Blues are imprisoned in darkness. This is because, in their lives, light and darkness are in constant tension in the entire story of Sonnys Blues. As a matter of fact, the characters are threatened by constant opposition of light and darkness. Darkness represents a list of both social and personal problems. It is true that the figures in the story are imprisoned by darkness. Sonny is faced with addiction problem, which can be considered as a personal problem, while the narrator is faced with the problems of housing projects. Apart from characters, the story itself seems to be narrated in a setting that has been imprisoned. This is based on the reason that, the actions of the story seem to happen before the civil rights movements were gained. The setting is imprisoned in dark days that were filled with a lot of segregation and separate. However, the setting was free from equal accommodations in most public institutions. For instances, it is noticed that, the narrator and his brother Sonny grew up in a predominantly poor and black neighborhood of Harlem the sons of a working-class, embittered father whose pride and optimism have been worn down by his own brothers violent death at the hands of rural Southern whites and the ensuing years of struggling to support a family in an overtly racist Northern urban community (Baldwin, 1957).The setting is imprisoned with lots of insecurity. This is because; everyone was subjected to violence and drug addiction, segregation as well as discrimination. Inclusion, imprisonment as a theme in the story of Sonys Blues, is brought up with the aim of gloom, despair, hope and warmth that the lives of characters in the story undergoes. Being free from imprisonment shows all hopeful and positive that are just part of life. It represents moral life in the society. On the other hand, imprisonment shows despair and gloomy life that main figures in the story undergoes through. The two have been used to symbolize that, at times, life is too hard and enjoyable, while there are times when it is opposite. So as a matter of fact, the identification of imprisonment situations, was based on situations that characters have found themselves in, but the situation is of despair, and there is no way of getting out of it, there is no or little control over it.

Leadership Case Study of Ernest Shackleton Essay examples -- The Leade

The topic of this leadership case study is Ernest Shackleton. This paper will identify the development of Shackleton's leadership skills, provide examples and reflections of his abilities, and relate how he played an essential role in one of history's greatest survival stories. This study of Shackleton's leadership is set loosely within the framework of the five practices of exemplary leadership set forth in The Leadership Challenge by Kouzes and Posner, and will focus on the benefits produced by his management of team morale and unity (13). Kouzes and Posner remark that leadership experiences are ?voyages of discovery and adventures of a lifetime?[and] they are challenging explorations under rigorous conditions? (174). While this may be true, it is often in an extreme crisis situation that leadership is ultimately tested. This is the circumstance that Shackleton faced with his crew of twenty-seven, while stranded in the ice floes off the Antarctic Continent. Credit is due to the leadership of Ernest Shackleton; every member aboard the Endurance survived, and was finally rescued after six hundred and thirty-four days. Shackleton said of leadership, ?If you?re a leader, a fellow that other fellows look to, you?ve got to keep going? (qtd. in Morrell and Capparell 215). Synopsis of the Endurance Expedition?See Appendix (Pages 19-21) The Endurance, the vessel carrying the men and the title of the expedition, was named by Shackleton after his family motto?Fortitudine Vincimus (By endurance we conquer) (Perkins 41). To relate the significant factors of Shackleton?s leadership during the Endurance expedition, it is necessary to summarize the timeline of the events. A chronological timeline of the expedition is included at the end of this paper. The saga of the Endurance has relevant lessons for today?s leaders concerning the vital nature of team unity and interdependence, risk taking, optimism, and selfless leadership. Shackleton, known as ?The Boss? to his men, was at all times responsible for fostering and developing these dynamics, and thus provides an example of the remarkable achievements that are possible in even the direst of situations. The expedition failed in its attempt to be the first to transverse the Antarctic, yet the ultimate success is judged by the safe return of all the crewmembers. The events of the Endurance expedition wer... ... all his leadership strategies for the purpose of getting every man home alive. The loyalty and trust that Shackleton inspired in his men is undeniable. In 1921, five years after the rescue, Shackleton set out again on his last expedition aboard the Quest. Remarkably, his eighteen-member crew was comprised of eight Endurance colleagues, including Wild and Worsley (Morrell and Capparell 208). Following Shackleton?s death, Wild summed up the feelings he had for his leader: I have served with Scott, Shackleton, and Mawson, and have met Nansen, Amundsen, Peary, Cook, and other explorers, and in my considered opinion, for all the best points of leadership, coolness in the face of danger, resource under difficulties, quickness in decisions, never-failing optimism, and the faculty of instilling the same into others, remarkable genius for organization, consideration for those under him, and obliteration of self, the palm must be given to Shackleton, a hero and a gentleman in very truth. --Frank Wild, crew member, Nimrod; second in command, Endurance and Quest. (qtd. in Morrell and Capparell 205)